It is sustainable since it cannot be depleted in a time relevant to the human race. Design and fabrication of parabolic solar collector mechanical project abstract solar energy is a renewable source of energy. Nomenclature a a absorber area m 2 a c total collector aperture area m 2 a f collector geometric factor a r receiver area m 2 b bond width m b 0 incidence angle modi. An economic parabolic dish concentrating system was built at the sustainable energy. The solar collector rotates along its axis tracking the sun morning afternoon focus parabolic mirror direct normal radiation in order for the ptc to focus sunlight on the receiver at all times, a tracking mechanism is needed. Original 2010 book how to build a tracking parabolic solar collector. A solar thermal collector collects heat by absorbing sunlight. Solar power can be transmitted through grid either from solar photovoltaic or solar thermal technology. Design and fabrication of parabolic solar collector.
In the rankinecycle he analyzed several systems and the clear market supremacy of conventional solar collectors solar ponds, fpc and ptc, types of expanders compression chillers. The selected solar collector technology the large was aperture trough lat parabolic trough solar collectors produced by gossamer space frames gsf. Unlike in flat plate collectors which have absorbent coatings and where the solar radiation is absorbed. Data obtained from srcc certification documents on the internet. A parabolic dish reflector pdr, shown schematically in figure 3.
Parabolic trough collectors emerged in the late and the beginning of century. Reducing the cost of energy from parabolic trough solar. A parabolic trough solar collector uses a mirror in the shape of a parabolic cylinder to reflect. Parabolic trough solar water heating is one of several well proven solar. A parabolic trough is a type of solar thermal collector that is straight in one dimension and curved as a parabola in the other two, lined with a polished metal mirror. The amount of energy it provides for the earth in one minute is large enough to meet the earths energy needs for one year. The heliocentric longitude h, geocentric global coordinates and local topocentric sun coordinates were considered in the modeling equations. Modeling of a parabolic solar collector system for water desalination. Parabolic trough collectors are frequently employed for solar steamgeneration because temperatures of about 300 can be obtained without any serious degradation in the collector s efficiency.
G incident solar radiation on the slope of the collector from climatic data file. Concentrating solar collectors use shaped mirrors or lens to provide higher temperatures that flat plate collectors. Parabolic trough solar collector technology is currently the most proven solar thermal collector technology. Large collector fields supply the thermal energy, which is used to drive a steam turbine, which, on its part, drives the electric generator. Parabolic trough solar collector ptsc is one of the most proven technologies for large. As well as in domestic settings, a large number of these collectors can be combined in an array and used to generate electricity in solar thermal. The collector field consists of a large field of singleaxis tracking parabolic trough solar collectors. This article offers an illustrated description of a method to produce a closed parabolic trough solar energy collector box based on the elasticity of the material. This handbook does not cover large solar thermal systems for swimming pool applications. The capitalpower generation cost can be reduced by increasing aperture sizes of the collector.
Diy parabolic trough mirror made in 20 minutes stainless steel mirror free energy from the sun duration. Each solar collector has a linear parabolic shaped reflector that focuses the suns direct beam radiation. This page concentrates on providing links, information and plans for build it yourself concentrating collectors and heliostats. Solar collector solar energy is a very large, inexhaustible of energy, the power from the sun intercepted by the earth is approximately 1. The incident solar radiation falling on the collector is utilized for pipe heating. This allows this type of collector to achieve the highest concentration ratios among all other type of solar collectors. The solar field is modular in nature and is composed of many parallel rows of solar collectors aligned on a northsouth horizontal axis. The basic component of the solar field is the solar collector assembly sca. Design, construction and testing of a parabolic solar. Hi friends, in this article, i am going to discuss about types of concentrating solar collectors and hope you will find it useful. Introduction solar thermal solar photovoltaic in cold climate large amount of low grade thermal energy is used. In these plants, large fields of parabolic trough collectors supply the thermal energy used to produce steam supplied to a rankine steam turbinegenerator cycle to produce. Heat transfer analysis of receiver for large aperture.
The suncatcher uses an innovative radial design for its concentrating mirrors. Parabolic trough collector power plant performance. A parabolic trough is a type of solar thermal energy collector used in csp plants concentrated solar power. Solar collectors transform solar radiation into heat and transfer that heat to a medium water, solar fluid, or air. Experiment is carried out with water and al 2 o 3h 2 o di nanofluid of four different volume concentrations of 0. Solar radiation energy to internal energy of transport medium. Fluid flow and heat transfer in the collector panel are studied by means of. Parabolic trough solar collector pdf parabolic trough solar collector pdf download. The computeraided design cad files and all associated content posted to this website are created, uploaded, managed and owned by third party users. Parabolic dish csp technology parabolic dish geometry concentrates light in a single focal point, i. Parabolic trough solar technology is the most proven and lowest cost largescale solar power technology available today, primarily because of the nine large commercialscale solar power plants that are operating in the california mojave desert. Abstractsolar collector in the shape of a parabolic mirror reflects the incident solar energy on the longitudinal axis of the solar collector. In a solar cooker, for example, food is placed at the.
Parabolic trough collector technology abengoa solar. The sunlight which enters the mirror parallel to its plane of symmetry is focused along the focal line, where objects are positioned that are intended to be heated. Solar hot water technologies for higher education buildings pdf. Design, construction and testing of a parabolic solar steam generator joshua folaranmi department of mechanical engineering, federal university of technology minna, niger state. Energy equations for computation of parabolictrough. Advanced lowcost receiver for parabolic trough solar power. Although the sun is 150 million kilometres away it is still extremely powerful. Solar collector in the shape of a parabolic mirror reflects the incident solar energy on the longitudinal axis of the solar collector.
Abstract this paper presents the design of a parabolic trough solar collector system for water desalination in gaza, collector aperture and rimangle optimization together with the receiverdiameter selection are presented. However, solar energy has not been a great success because of low oil prices. Its uses do not contribute to emission of greenhouse gases and other pollutants to the environment. The model is used for a case study plants analysis of the potential of ste in three sites located in the central, western, and eastern parts of saudi arabia. Parabolic trough power plants use parabolic trough collectors to concentrate the direct solar radiation onto a tubular receiver. Heliostats are tracking mirrors that reflect solar energy onto a fixed target. Main specifications of the parabolic solar collector are shown in table 1. In case of a parabola, incoming rays which are parallel suns rays arriving are nearly parallel will be reflected always to the focus regardless of where they arrive on the dish. Several sections can be ganged together to make a large parabolic solar water heater steam heating system. Parabolic trough calculator www interactive multipurpose.
Demonstration of pilot scale large aperture parabolic. How do solar parabolic dishes work solar power world. Types of concentrating solar collectors your electrical. Unlike in flat plate collectors which have absorbent coatings and where. In pvt systems, the solar thermal is used to reduce the temperature of the pv cells and thus improve their efficiency.
Other obstacles to their largescale applica turbines, reciprocating engines and rotary displacement. A parabolic trough employs parabolic mirrors that act as collectors can be coated silver or polished for more efficiency. The dish structure must fully track the sun to reflect the beam into the thermal receiver. Lowcost concentrating solar collector for steam generation. Currently, the cost of power generation from ptsc is expensive as compared with conventional power generation. Parabolic trough solar collectors and their applications. Code for thermal analysis of parabolic collectors are used. Manual making of a parabolic solar collector gang xiao. At sunrise, each suncatcher automatically rotates to face the sun, and with sophisticated automation software, tracks, collects, and focuses the suns energy onto a single point, the power conversion unit. The target of the national solar mission is to build up india as a worldwide pioneer in solar energy generation. This line is called the focal axis of the parabolic collector. Solar trackers are used to keep solar collectors solar panels oriented directly towards the sun as it moves through the sky every day 16.
The reflector, which concentrates the sunlight to a focal line or focal point, has a parabolic shape. Lowcost concentrating solar collector for steam generation by john dascomb a thesis submitted to the. Global solar collector market growth, analysis, demand, forecast, industry 20152019 a solar collector is a device used to capture solar energy and convert it into useful thermal energy. Pdf an overview on parabolic trough solar collectors. Parabolic trough collectors are a low cost implementation of concentrated solar power technology that focuses incident sunlight onto a tube filled with a heat transfer fluid. The efficiency and cost of the parabolic trough collector designs is influenced by structural stiffness, choice of materials, assembly tolerances, mirror cleanliness and wear. Evacuated tube collectors qcoll is the energy collected per unit collector area per unit time fr is the collector s heat removal factor. Parabolic trough solar collector pdf basically a manual method to make high efficiency solar collectors against very low cost, which is. The amount of energy it provides for the earth in one minute is large enough to. Modelling of solar thermal power plant using parabolic. In this practical activityexperiment, students will learn about parabolas, make a parabolic solar reflector, and then investigate its ability to focus sunlight. The plant located in the north tayma has the lowest number of collectors with the best production along the year. Numerical simulation of a parabolic trough solar collector for hot water and steam generation aip conf.
Parabolic trough collector ptc using solar coordinates. Flat plate versus evacuated tube solar collectors pdf. The first patent was obtained in 1907, and the first wellknown plant which used energy supplied by trough collectors was setup in 19 in egypt. The receiver absorbs the incoming radiations and transforms them into thermal energy. What is described here is basically a manual method to make high efficiency solar collectors against very low cost, which is particularly suited for teaching, research or. For this purpose, tracking mechanisms similar to the ones described in the previous. This is primarily due to the nine plants operating in californias mojave desert since the mid1980s. Analysis and validation of a quasidynamic model for a.
Lyngby, denmarkabstract 6 a quasidynamic trnsys simulation model for a. The energy equations included the universal time, day n, month m, year y, delta t llongitude and latitude in radian. Our parabolic solar trough collectors can collect solar energy up to 10 hours per day compared to a 6 hour day with regular flat plate collectors. A parabolic trough solar collector uses a mirror in the shape of a parabolic cylinder to reflect and concentrate sun radiations towards a receiver tube located at the focus line of the parabolic cylinder.